open-standards/joule-ui/README.md
Transaction Science dd970f3407 The catalogue's check reads every keyword, and wai's manifests name no format
joule-ui-catalogue now holds the node form both ways: the reading of a node and the
catalogue writer. joule-ui-a2ui keeps its names on that reading, so wai-app depends on
the neutral crate and neither format's name is left under wai/, in a manifest or a
lock file. A test holds the two lock files and the manifest to that.

check_catalogue compares the document with what the registry writes, every keyword of
it, and reads it as a schema: on each node it builds, the catalogue and the reading
must agree. That includes a node with no props for a widget that requires some, a key
folding onto a slot of an open widget, and every child a widget does not admit.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <[email protected]>
2026-11-07 03:08:05 -05:00

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# joule-ui
A typed declarative protocol for **agent-emitted user interfaces**.
joule-ui is the sibling to [JouleClaw](../jouleclaw/) for the moment when an
agent's resolution has to become something a human can see and interact
with. The agent emits a **widget tree** — `(name, props, children)`,
recursively — against a **widget registry** the host has published. The
host renders. No React in the spec, no HTML over the wire, no agent
holding the renderer.
The shape the field has converged on for this is *declarative components
against a registry*: agents are far more reliable emitting structured
data than emitting code, and renderers are far easier to harden when they
own their own widgets. joule-ui pins that shape as a protocol; the
renderer is product surface, owned by the consumer.
## What ships in v1
- `joule-ui-rs/crates/joule-ui-core/` — the protocol types (`Widget`,
`PropValue`, `WidgetSchema`, `Registry`) and the recursive validator.
Pure Rust, no IO, JSON-serialisable.
- `joule-ui-rs/crates/joule-ui-interaction/` (**v0.2**) — the layer no
other UI protocol carries: when a human *or an agent* fires an
`Action`, the invocation is an **accountable event**. Every fire names
the principal that made it — a `did:key`, the same whether a person or
an agent (the protocol draws no distinction; both are traced).
`run_interaction` authorizes it against a capability *before it runs*
(a denied action's handler never executes), meters it in joules,
charges its cost (a reading or an estimate, and which), and an
`InteractionLog` seals it as the next
link of a **hash-chained** receipt. The actor is bound into the signed
core, so an interaction cannot be re-attributed without breaking the
chain. A joule-ui session becomes a tamper-evident ledger of *who fired
it, what it computed, and what it cost* — verifiable by anyone holding
the host's key. The metering (Sandbox `PowerMeter`) and
the capability (JCP grant) are **recognized edges**; the receipt, the
chain, and the lifecycle are joule-ui's. See [`SPEC.md`](SPEC.md) §5–§7
and `examples/metered_surface.rs` for the full loop.
- `joule-ui-rs/crates/joule-ui-catalogue/` — the node form, both ways: a JSON
tree of `{component, props, children}` read into a validated widget tree, and
any registry written as a catalogue, a JSON Schema of those nodes, for an agent
to write against. Whatever a catalogue admits the reading accepts, and a
registry declaring what no node can state has none. See [`SPEC.md`](SPEC.md) §3.
- `joule-ui-rs/crates/joule-ui-a2ui/` — the A2UI ingest, on that reading.
- `joule-ui-rs/crates/joule-ui-lang/` (**v0.3**) — the line language: a
model writes a surface as a short program, one widget a line
(OpenUI Lang 1.0; see [`NOTICE`](NOTICE)), and joule-ui takes it in as it
streams. After every chunk a snapshot holds the tree as far as it can be
built, each widget validated against the registry, and every error with its
line and reason; a canonical writer turns a tree back into the language.
State, queries, expressions and sequences of actions are refused
`not-declarative`: joule-ui carries no behaviour on the wire. See
[`SPEC.md`](SPEC.md) §11, the pack in [`conformance/lang/`](conformance/lang/)
with its independent verifier, and [`docs/create.md`](docs/create.md), the
design of Create, the page that builds a WAI app as a model describes it.
The surface layer makes joule-ui a peer of the declarative-UI protocols
(A2UI, MCP Apps). The interaction layer makes it the only one you can
hand to an auditor: a UI whose every interaction is energy-accounted and
sealed, by construction.
What is **not** here:
- A renderer. The renderer is owned by the host (browser app, native
shell, terminal UI). joule-ui validates the surface and seals the
interaction; it does not paint pixels.
- A transport. The validated spec and the interaction stream ride MCP,
REST, SSE, gRPC, Web MoQ — any bytes-out protocol. Transport-agnostic.
- A "model emits React" path. The agent emits a declarative tree against
the registry; arbitrary code emission is out of scope.
## Why a sibling, not inside JouleClaw
The spec layer is protocol — small, stable, conformant. The renderer
registry is product surface — many of them, evolving fast. Splitting
them protects the *tools for use* line: JouleClaw stays the runtime
substrate; joule-ui is the UI protocol; consumers ship their own
widgets.
## Licence
Specification text and protocol document: CC-BY-4.0 (see [`LICENSE`](LICENSE)).
Reference implementation in `joule-ui-rs/`: Apache-2.0 (see [`joule-ui-rs/LICENSE`](joule-ui-rs/LICENSE)).